CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF THE CRIME PREVENTION MODEL “CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN” (CPTED)

Abstract

The article is devoted to research and clarification of the content of the guiding principles of the crime prevention model “Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design” (CPTED). It was established that conceptually and from a scientific and practical point of view, the crime prevention model: Crime Prevention by Changing the Surrounding Infrastructure (CPTED) is based on the key principles (principles) of the organization of law enforcement activities, which are laid in the basis of the formation of law enforcement strategies, which should be comprehensively implemented during design, development, re-planning and maintenance of buildings, structures, public spaces and areas of the area, with the aim of having a positive impact on spatial factors that may be considered by offenders as favorable for committing illegal acts. It was determined that at the stage of formation of the Crime Prevention by Changing the Surrounding Infrastructure (CPTED) model, scientists identified four key principles of its functioning, namely: “territoriality”, “supervision (observation)”, “image, environment” and “access control”. the implementation of which allowed the space to be considered “protected”. These principles are defined as the principles of the first generation of the CPTED model. It was established that additional principles of protection of space, area or environment were later developed, which are united by the term principles of the second generation of the CPTED model. Such principles include: “social cohesion”, “community (community) culture”, “connection” and “threshold capacity (ability, strength)”. The studied model is dynamic, approaches to understanding the content of measures for its implementation are being improved, which ultimately leads to the formulation of additional principles of its organization. Such principles include: “conflict user groups”; “generators of crime”; “mixed use”; “traffic signs”; “cohesion”; “connection”; “functionality”; “culture”; “social capital” and “threshold capacity”.