DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT OF “ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE” AND ITS PLACE IN THE SYSTEM OF CIVIL LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to investigate the global experience in regulating artificial intelligence (AI) and to define its legal status within the context of Ukrainian civil law. The authors analyze various regulatory approaches to AI, considering it as a potential object or subject of legal relationships, and evaluate the feasibility of implementing European legislation into the Ukrainian legal system. The research is based on a comparative analysis of international and national legislation on AI. The methods used include analysis of legal acts, synthesis of scientific sources, and a systematic approach to evaluate legal frameworks for AI regulation. Special attention is given to the recently adopted AI Act by the European Union and its potential impact on Ukrainian legislation. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of contemporary approaches to AI regulation in different countries, including China, Singapore, Canada, the USA, and the EU. The authors propose a well-founded position on classifying AI as objects of civil legal relations in Ukrainian law, considering its technical characteristics and lack of legal capacity. The necessity of adapting European experience is emphasized to ensure Ukraine’s integration into the European legal space. AI currently lacks a clearly defined legal definition, complicating its regulation. Given the absence of legal capacity and its technical features, it is most appropriate to classify AI as objects of civil legal relations. To effectively regulate AI in Ukraine, it is recommended to adopt the legal norms of the European Union, facilitating the integration of Ukrainian technological projects into the European market and ensuring the protection of the rights of individuals and legal entities.