FEATURES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF MIGRATION PROCESSES IN EU MEMBER STATES

Abstract

The article comprehensively examines the peculiarities of public administration of migration processes in the member states of the European Union, focusing on the multilevel nature of migration policy regulation, which combines supranational EU standards with the practices of individual member states. It also reveals the essence of the legal mechanisms for the formation and implementation of European migration policy, and outlines the main forms of interaction between national authorities and EU institutions in the field of migration flow management, which is extremely important for determining the peculiarities of public administration of migration processes.In addition, an analysis of key international and European regulatory acts is conducted, in particular the provisions of Directive 2001/55/EC “On minimum standards for granting temporary protection,” Directive 2008/115/ EC, the so-called “Return Directive,” as well as Directives 2013/32/EU and 2013/33/EU, which regulate the procedures for granting international protection and the conditions for the reception of asylum seekers. The practice of the European Court of Human Rights, which confirms the mandatory nature of the directives and establishes the legal consequences of their non-compliance by member states, is considered separately.Particular attention is paid to the current challenges facing the European Union in connection with the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation, as these events led to the unprecedented application of the temporary protection mechanism provided for in Directive 2001/55/EC, which demonstrated the solidarity of member states and the EU’s ability to respond quickly to large-scale humanitarian crises.The study also concludes that the current EU migration policy functions as a multidimensional system, intertwining legal, humanitarian, and security aspects, and its effectiveness largely depends on the harmonisation of legal norms, inter-state coordination of actions and the development of balanced administrative decisions that simultaneously ensure the protection of migrants’ rights and the preservation of stability in the member states of the Union.