TRASOLOGY AS A FORENSIC TECHNIQUE TOOL

Abstract

The article considers traceology as one of the key tools of forensic technology, which plays an important role in the process of detecting, fixing, removing and studying material traces of a crime. The importance of traceology knowledge in the activities of law enforcement agencies is emphasized, in particular during the inspection of the scene of the crime, expert studies and court proceedings. It is determined that traceology, as a branch of forensics, is based on the study of traces – material reflections of the external structure of objects that arise as a result of their interaction. Traces are classified depending on the mechanism of formation, physical properties and objects that leave them. It is emphasized that it is the traces left at the scene of the crime that have important evidentiary value, since they reflect the mechanism of the crime, the interaction of objects and allow us to establish the identity of the offender. Traceology is considered as a system of scientific knowledge, methods and techniques that ensure the objective reproduction of the events of a criminal offense. The article analyzes the current trends in the development of traceology, associated with the digitalization of expert activities, the introduction of computer databases of fingerprints and traces. The article also highlights the role of traceology in providing evidence during criminal proceedings. Attention is drawn to the importance of correct fixation, extraction and storage of traces, as the accuracy of expert research and the reliability of conclusions depend on this. It is established that high-quality traceology allows not only to determine the circumstances of the crime, but also to restore the sequence of the offender’s actions. It is concluded that traceology is an integral part of forensic techniques, which combines traditional methods and innovative technologies. Its further development will contribute to increasing the efficiency of crime investigation, improving expert practice and strengthening the evidentiary base in legal proceedings.